Who was Imam Hussein?
Our praise be upon the running blood of martyrs, cut organs of bodies! Those heads on the spears! Those women taken out of the tents! Our praise be upon the proof of the God of the worlds, Hossein ibn Ali and his pure fathers! The supporters of God’s faith!
The Story of Karbala and Imam Hossein, Narrated by Four Infallible Imams
Imam Hassan Mojtaba
Before Imam Hassan’s martyrdom, Imam Hossein looked at his brother’s face and cried. Imam Hassan asked: “why are you crying?” he said: “I’m crying for the difficulties you underwent” Imam Hassan said: “my difficulty is the poison that kills me! But nothing is as sad as the day of your martyrdom.”
Imam Ali
Imam Ali was sitting in the mosque and all his companions surrounded him. Then Imam Hossein entered the mosque. Imam Ali addressed him and said: “I swear God that you will be killed and then all the earth and the sky would cry for you”
Refraining from Giving Allegiance to Yazid
After Mu’awiya died on Rajab 15, 60/April 24, 680, people gave allegiance to Yazid. He decided to take the allegiance of some of the nobles among Muslims who had previously rejected his father’s invitation for giving allegiance to him. Therefore, he wrote a letter to Walid b. ‘Utba, the governor of Medina at that time and informed him of the death of Mu’awiya and in a short letter, he wrote to him, “Take allegiance of al-Husayn b. Ali, ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Umar, ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Abi Bakr and ‘Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr by force and behead anyone of them who does not accept.”
Then, Walid received another letter from Yazid, in which he had insisted, “write the names of those who approved me and objected to me and also send to me the head of al-Husayn b. Ali (a) with the letter.” Walid consulted with Marwan b. Hakam and then sent ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Amr to Imam al-Husayn (a), ‘Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr, ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Umar, and ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Abi Bakr.
Imam (a) and 30 people of his close companions went to Dar al-’Imara (residence of emir) of Medina. Walid informed Imam (a) about the death of Mu’awiya and then read the letter of Yazid to him, in which Walid was asked to take allegiance of Imam (a) to Yazid. Imam (a) told Walid, “Will you be happy if I give allegiance to Yazid secretly? I assume you want that I give allegiance in public.” Walid said, “I have that idea.” Imam (a) said, “so, give me time until tomorrow and I will inform you of my opinion.”
The evening of the next day, the governor of Medina sent his agents to the house of Imam (a) to receive the answer of Imam (a). Imam (a) asked for the time of night as well and Walid accepted. Imam (a) decided to leave Medina
Source : wikishia
Worship
Imam Hussain (a.s.) was asked, “Why do you fear Allah so much?” Imam Hussain (a.s.) answered, “No one is safe from hardships of the Hereafter except that he fears Allah in this world.”
Abdullah Ibn ‘Ubayd says, “Imam Hussain (a.s.) went to Hajj pilgrimage on foot twenty times, while he had a horse to ride.”
Imam Sajjad (a.s.) was asked, “Why are your father’s children so few?” Imam (a.s.) replied, “I am even wondered of my birth; my father performed a thousand rak’ahs of prayer a day.”
It is narrated that Hasan (a.s.) and Hussain (a.s.) were going to Hajj pilgrimage on foot. Everyone who passed them on horseback landed and continued the way on foot. Walking was difficult for some of the pilgrims. They told Sa’d Ibn Abi Waqqas, “Walking is hard for us, but we cannot ride while these two honorable persons walk.” Sa’d Ibn Abi Waqqas related their speech to Imam Hasan (a.s.) and added, “I wish you rode your horses for the comfort of these weak pilgrims.” Imam Hussain (a.s.) said, “We do not ride, since we are obliged to walk toHajj pilgrimage. However, we run away from this path for the sake of other pilgrims.” Then Imam Hasan (a.s.) and Imam Hussain (a.s.) did so.
From birth to martyrdom of Imam Hussain
Birth and Martyrdom
Imam Hussain (a.s.) was born on the third or fifth of Sha’ban in the fourth year A.H. in Medina. His father was Ali Ibn Abi Talib (a.s.) and his mother was Fatimah (s.a.), Prophet Muhammad (S)’s daughter. His nickname was Abu ‘Abdullah and his most famous titles were Tayyib, Sayyid, Sibt, Wafi, and Mubarak.
At his birth time, Gabriel was revealed to the Messenger of Allah (S) for congratulating and brought Allah’s message to the Prophet (S) to name the infant Hussain. The Messenger of Allah (S) recited ‘adhan in his right ear and ‘iqamah in his left ear. On the seventh day after Imam Hussain’s (a.s.) birth, two sheep were sacrificed for him and the meat was divided among the poor.
Imam Hussain (a.s.) lived fifty six years and some days,according to some narrations.He lived six years and several months with Prophet Muhammad (S) before the Prophet (S)’s demise, thirty years with his father, ten years with his brother Imam Hasan (a.s.) after his father’s demise, and ten years after his brother’s demise. He was martyred on the day of ‘ashura (tenth of Muharram) in the year sixty one A.H. in Karbala and his holy body was buried in that land.